ah spetsnaz
Russian special purpose regiments or
Spetsnaz,
Specnaz (
Russian: Войска
специального
назначения, (
спецназ)
tr: Voyska
spetsialnogo
naznacheniya, pronounced
[spʲetsnas]) is a general term for "
special forces" in
Russian, literally "special purpose". These Russian
special forces can specifically refer to any elite or special purpose units under subordination of the Federal Security Service (FSB) or
Internal Troops of
Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the units controlled by the military intelligence service
GRU.
Currently, the term is used as well to describe any special purpose units or task forces of other ministries (even the Emergency Situations Ministry special rescue unit)
[1] Foreign special forces are also commonly referred to as Spetsnaz on Russian television, for example "American Spetsnaz." Spetsnaz specialists have trained the
Republican Guard of Syria, Iraq and Iran and they have been involved in training other special forces units across the world.
Internal troop units of the
Cheka were originally raised for internal use against
counter-revolutionaries and other undesirables; the most acclaimed is the
Dzerzhinsky Division, or
scarlet berets. Today they carry the same role as
gendarmerie or
National Guard units in other countries.
In the Armed Forces, spetsnaz is a term mainly used in connection with GRU-controlled
COMINT,
ELINT and
radio-surveillance units. Spetsnaz carry out reconnaissance and social warfare missions in "peacetime" as well as in war. According to Vladimir Rezun, a GRU
defector who used the
pseudonym "
Viktor Suvorov", there were 20 Spetsnaz brigades plus 41 separate companies. Thus, total strength of Spetsnaz forces was around 30,000 troops at the time, their numbers are unknown today.